Zaporizhzhia

Shenvize Mennonite colony

Description

  • The Schönwiese colony in the southeastern suburb of Alexandrovsk was founded by 17 Mennonite families who moved from Prussia in 1797. A large number of powerful industrial enterprises and factories, schools and parish schools, a bank, a mill, a Frisian church operated in the colony. private homes of large business owners that have survived to this day and are architectural monuments.

The Schönwies colony (translated from German - "Wonderful Moment") is located along the left bank of the Wet Moskovka River. At first it was an agricultural settlement with several mills and craft shops.

The colony was built on the type of traditional German villages: in the center - the church, township, school. The first street of the colony was Bazarna Street, it was laid parallel to the riverbed of the Wet Moskowka. The street, perpendicular to it, was called "Schwenizska" (later Vokzalnaya, now - Soborniy Avenue).
Much of the buildings of the Mennonite colony of Schweniz have survived to this day, namely: G. Niebuhr mill, A. Kopp mansion, Friesian church building, K. Hubert's apartment building with Tavonius pharmacy, J. Dick and J. Lepp mansions.
The town-planning planning structure of the district was formed on the principle of housing, apartment buildings and houses for factory workers on the red lines of streets. Production facilities are located in the depths of the quarters with access to the railway tracks. Production related to scaffolding alloy is concentrated along the Mokra Moskowka River. In 1901, a metal bridge with sidewalks on both sides and a metal fence with granite columns was built across the river (preserved in the reconstructed form). In 1907 a railway bridge was built and has not been preserved to this day.
Distinctive features of the German colonies were national unity, solidarity and religiosity. Collaborative work in the fields of the colony, the absence of land redistribution, the purchase of agricultural machinery and sowing material, the common farms of breeding cattle contributed to the cultivation of abundant crops, profit from the sale of wool, trade and, as a consequence, the welfare of the colonists. The intensive growth of agriculture contributed to the development of crafts, crafts and industry. Initially, the plows, cultivators, seeders, harvesters, fans, threshers were imported from Germany by the colonists. later on the territory of the colony began to build a workshop for the manufacture of inventory.

The Schönwies colony (translated from German - "Wonderful Moment") is located along the left bank of the Wet Moskovka River. At first it was an agricultural settlement with several mills and craft shops.

The colony was built on the type of traditional German villages: in the center - the church, township, school. The first street of the colony was Bazarna Street, it was laid parallel to the riverbed of the Wet Moskowka. The street, perpendicular to it, was called "Schwenizska" (later Vokzalnaya, now - Soborniy Avenue).
Much of the buildings of the Mennonite colony of Schweniz have survived to this day, namely: G. Niebuhr mill, A. Kopp mansion, Friesian church building, K. Hubert's apartment building with Tavonius pharmacy, J. Dick and J. Lepp mansions.
The town-planning planning structure of the district was formed on the principle of housing, apartment buildings and houses for factory workers on the red lines of streets. Production facilities are located in the depths of the quarters with access to the railway tracks. Production related to scaffolding alloy is concentrated along the Mokra Moskowka River. In 1901, a metal bridge with sidewalks on both sides and a metal fence with granite columns was built across the river (preserved in the reconstructed form). In 1907 a railway bridge was built and has not been preserved to this day.
Distinctive features of the German colonies were national unity, solidarity and religiosity. Collaborative work in the fields of the colony, the absence of land redistribution, the purchase of agricultural machinery and sowing material, the common farms of breeding cattle contributed to the cultivation of abundant crops, profit from the sale of wool, trade and, as a consequence, the welfare of the colonists. The intensive growth of agriculture contributed to the development of crafts, crafts and industry. Initially, the plows, cultivators, seeders, harvesters, fans, threshers were imported from Germany by the colonists. later on the territory of the colony began to build a workshop for the manufacture of inventory.

How to get there?

How to get there? By public transport to the bus station Nearby: Stary Oleksandrivsk, Children's Railway

HISTORY

  • The Schönwies colony in the southeastern suburb of Alexandrovsk was founded in 1797 by families of Mennonites who had migrated from Prussia.

In the end. 18th c. Russia needed immigrants to settle the newly annexed southern territories. In 1762-1763, Empress Catherine II issued decrees allowing foreign colonists to enter and settle in southern Russia.

Lively industrial development was facilitated by the construction in 1875 of the Catherine Railway Schönwies. The emergence of the railway station caused a real boom - in a few years, many industrial enterprises appeared, some of which turned into large factories: a branch of Abraham Kopp's Khortytsia Agricultural Machinery Plant; mechanical and cast iron foundry plant of the trade and industrial association "Lepp and Valman"; machine-building plant "Sons of Hildebrandt and Press"; cast iron plant; plant of agricultural machines and implements of Ya. Badovsky. During the years 1880-1885, G. Niebuhr built three steam mills.
G. Hubert and M. Amitin build sawmills. In 1900 G. Yantzen's large brewery began to operate. Brewery streets and lanes of Reimer and Mlynovy are equipped.
At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. on the territory of Schweniz a large number of apartment buildings are being built, so D. Minaev, the owner of the brick factories, is building a two-storey apartment building, for 12 apartments, where, in addition, the Flour Trade Vibe and P. Zhdanovskaya Restaurant are located (Soborniy Ave., 2).
A beautiful building of K. Hubert appeared at the corner of Dachnaya and Vokzalnaya streets (11/18 Sobornyi ave.). In this house tenant Tavonius opened a pharmacy on the ground floor.
Private homes are being built - residences of owners of factories in the unique German style of "yugendstil": G. Niebuhr House, A. Kopp House, J. Dick House and Mayor Y. Siemens.

In the end. 18th c. Russia needed immigrants to settle the newly annexed southern territories. In 1762-1763, Empress Catherine II issued decrees allowing foreign colonists to enter and settle in southern Russia.

Lively industrial development was facilitated by the construction in 1875 of the Catherine Railway Schönwies. The emergence of the railway station caused a real boom - in a few years, many industrial enterprises appeared, some of which turned into large factories: a branch of Abraham Kopp's Khortytsia Agricultural Machinery Plant; mechanical and cast iron foundry plant of the trade and industrial association "Lepp and Valman"; machine-building plant "Sons of Hildebrandt and Press"; cast iron plant; plant of agricultural machines and implements of Ya. Badovsky. During the years 1880-1885, G. Niebuhr built three steam mills.
G. Hubert and M. Amitin build sawmills. In 1900 G. Yantzen's large brewery began to operate. Brewery streets and lanes of Reimer and Mlynovy are equipped.
At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. on the territory of Schweniz a large number of apartment buildings are being built, so D. Minaev, the owner of the brick factories, is building a two-storey apartment building, for 12 apartments, where, in addition, the Flour Trade Vibe and P. Zhdanovskaya Restaurant are located (Soborniy Ave., 2).
A beautiful building of K. Hubert appeared at the corner of Dachnaya and Vokzalnaya streets (11/18 Sobornyi ave.). In this house tenant Tavonius opened a pharmacy on the ground floor.
Private homes are being built - residences of owners of factories in the unique German style of "yugendstil": G. Niebuhr House, A. Kopp House, J. Dick House and Mayor Y. Siemens.

INTERESTING FACTS

  • The nationalized factories of the former Schonwiese colony became the basis for the construction of a combine-making plant. The first Communar combine was produced in 1930.
  • In June 1959 the first microwave car "Zaporozhets" came out of the experimental shop.
  • Numerous reconstructions on the territory of the plant contributed not only to the reconstruction of many historic buildings, but also to the demolition of objects that represent the architectural heritage of the city. Destruction in peacetime brought far more losses than during the war - factory buildings were built on the site of the Mennonite cemetery. The former colony of Schönwiese is an architectural and urban monument
  • The nationalized factories of the former Schonwiese colony became the basis for the construction of a combine-making plant. The first Communar combine was produced in 1930.
  • In June 1959 the first microwave car "Zaporozhets" came out of the experimental shop.
  • Numerous reconstructions on the territory of the plant contributed not only to the reconstruction of many historic buildings, but also to the demolition of objects that represent the architectural heritage of the city. Destruction in peacetime brought far more losses than during the war - factory buildings were built on the site of the Mennonite cemetery. The former colony of Schönwiese is an architectural and urban monument